真正要紧的四个日期
| 日期 | 什么时候 | 意味着什么 |
|---|---|---|
| 春季终霜 (50%) | Jan 24 | 有一半的年份会在这个日期之后还结霜。这是平均值,不是保证。 |
| 春季终霜 (10%) | Feb 19 | 只有十年里的一年会在这之后结霜。凡是不能重种的作物,就按这个日期来。 |
| 秋季初霜 (50%) | Dec 10 | 有一半的年份会在这个日期之前结霜。秋菜就是从这里往回推算的。 |
| 秋季初霜 (10%) | Nov 24 | 早霜年份。如果某种作物必须收成,就争取在这之前收。 |
Las Vegas 的春夏播种
暖冬提示。Las Vegas 的终霜来得太早, 下面有几个时间窗会落到上一年的深秋——这不是出错,本地的长生长季就是这样。 请把这张表和下面的秋播表连起来看,而不是当成两个分开的季节。
这些日期是按本地自己的终霜日期算出来的,不是照搬通用的分区表。“最佳月相日” 是每个时间窗里落在该作物传统月相上的那几天——和 App 用的是同一条规则。
| 作物 | 室内育苗 | 露地定植 | 最佳月相日 | 收获天数 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carrot direct sow |
— | Jan 3 – Feb 14 | Jan 3, Feb 1 Full Moon |
65–85 |
| Cauliflower transplant |
Nov 22 | Jan 3 – Jan 24 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Cilantro direct sow |
— | Jan 3 – Feb 14 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
45–70 |
| Swiss Chard direct sow |
— | Jan 3 – Feb 23 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
50–60 |
| Dill direct sow |
— | Jan 10 – Feb 23 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
40–60 |
| Cucumber either |
Jan 3 | Jan 24 – Feb 23 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Green Beans (bush) direct sow |
— | Jan 24 – Mar 10 | Jan 25, Feb 24 First Quarter |
50–65 |
| Oregano transplant |
Nov 29 | Jan 24 – Feb 14 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sage transplant |
Nov 29 | Jan 24 – Feb 14 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sweet Corn direct sow |
— | Jan 24 – Mar 10 | Jan 25, Feb 24 First Quarter |
60–100 |
| Thyme transplant |
Nov 29 | Jan 24 – Feb 14 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash either |
Jan 3 | Jan 24 – Feb 23 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
45–60 |
| Basil either |
Dec 13 | Jan 31 – Feb 23 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
30–60 |
| Dry Beans direct sow |
— | Jan 31 – Feb 28 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
85–100 |
| Pole Beans direct sow |
— | Jan 31 – Mar 5 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Pumpkin direct sow |
Jan 3 | Jan 31 – Feb 28 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
90–120 |
| Rosemary transplant |
Jan 24 | Jan 31 – Feb 23 | — First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Tomatillo transplant |
Dec 13 | Jan 31 – Feb 23 | — First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Tomato transplant |
Dec 13 | Jan 31 – Feb 23 | — First Quarter |
60–85 |
| Winter Squash direct sow |
Jan 3 | Jan 31 – Feb 28 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
85–110 |
| Cantaloupe / Muskmelon either |
Jan 3 | Feb 7 – Feb 28 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
75–90 |
| Eggplant transplant |
Nov 29 | Feb 7 – Feb 28 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Okra direct sow |
Dec 27 | Feb 7 – Mar 5 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Pepper transplant |
Nov 29 | Feb 7 – Feb 28 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Sweet Potato slips |
— | Feb 7 – Mar 5 | Feb 7–8, Mar 4–5 Waning Gibbous |
90–150 |
| Watermelon either |
Jan 3 | Feb 7 – Feb 28 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
70–90 |
| Strawberry (crowns) transplant |
— | Nov 25 – Jan 3 | Dec 4, Jan 3 Full Moon |
perennial — first real harvest next season |
| Garlic cloves/sets 更适合秋播——见下文 |
— | Dec 8 – Jan 8 | Dec 8–10, Jan 4–6 Waning Gibbous |
240–300 |
| Asparagus (crowns) transplant |
— | Dec 13 – Jan 17 | Dec 27 First Quarter |
perennial — first real harvest 2–3 years |
| Chives either |
Nov 29 | Dec 13 – Jan 17 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
75–90 |
| Onion (from sets/transplants) cloves/sets |
— | Dec 13 – Jan 17 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Peas (English/snap) direct sow |
— | Dec 13 – Jan 17 | Dec 27 First Quarter |
55–75 |
| Spinach direct sow |
— | Dec 13 – Jan 17 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
35–50 |
| Cabbage transplant |
Nov 22 | Dec 20 – Jan 17 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
65–90 |
| Collards either |
Dec 13 | Dec 20 – Feb 7 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
55–85 |
| Kale either |
Dec 13 | Dec 20 – Jan 24 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
50–65 |
| Lettuce (leaf) either |
Dec 20 | Dec 20 – Feb 14 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
40–55 |
| Potato cloves/sets |
— | Dec 20 – Jan 24 | Jan 3 Full Moon |
70–120 |
| Radish direct sow |
— | Dec 20 – Feb 14 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
22–35 |
| Turnip direct sow |
— | Dec 20 – Jan 31 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
40–60 |
| Broccoli transplant |
Nov 22 | Dec 25 – Jan 24 | Dec 25–26, Jan 19–22 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Brussels Sprouts transplant |
Nov 22 | Dec 25 – Jan 24 | Dec 25–26, Jan 19–22 Waxing Crescent |
90–110 |
| Leek transplant |
Nov 15 | Dec 25 – Jan 24 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
100–120 |
| Lettuce (head) transplant |
Dec 6 | Dec 25 – Jan 24 | Dec 25–26, Jan 19–22 Waxing Crescent |
60–85 |
| Parsley either |
Nov 22 | Dec 25 – Jan 31 | Dec 25–26, Jan 19–22 Waxing Crescent |
70–90 |
| Parsnip direct sow |
— | Dec 25 – Jan 31 | Jan 3 Full Moon |
100–150 |
| Shallot cloves/sets 更适合秋播——见下文 |
— | Dec 25 – Jan 24 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Beet direct sow |
— | Dec 27 – Feb 14 | Jan 3, Feb 1 Full Moon |
50–65 |
| Kohlrabi either |
Dec 13 | Dec 27 – Jan 31 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
45–60 |
Las Vegas 的秋季播种
秋季日期是从初霜往回推算的,而且还要为“秋季系数”多留出时间:白天 越来越短、越来越凉,作物长得比种子袋上写的慢。播得太晚,是秋菜失败最常见的一个原因。
| 作物 | 播种或定植 | 最佳月相日 | 收获天数 | 耐寒性 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Jul 25 – Aug 30 | Aug 19 | 60–85 | very tender |
| Brussels Sprouts | Jul 28 – Aug 14 | Aug 13–14 | 90–110 | hardy |
| Potato | Aug 2 – Sep 3 | Aug 27 | 70–120 | semi-hardy |
| Sweet Corn | Aug 7 – Aug 30 | Aug 19 | 60–100 | tender |
| Pole Beans | Aug 17 – Aug 30 | Aug 19 | 60–75 | tender |
| Parsley | Aug 20 – Sep 3 | — | 70–90 | semi-hardy |
| Okra | Aug 22 – Sep 21 | Sep 18 | 50–70 | very tender |
| Cabbage | Aug 27 – Sep 8 | — | 65–90 | hardy |
| Carrot | Aug 27 – Sep 8 | Aug 27 | 65–85 | semi-hardy |
| Collards | Aug 27 – Sep 18 | Sep 11–16 | 55–85 | hardy |
| Cucumber | Aug 27 – Sep 9 | — | 50–70 | tender |
| Broccoli | Sep 1 – Sep 18 | Sep 11–16 | 55–80 | hardy |
| Cauliflower | Sep 1 – Sep 18 | Sep 11–16 | 55–80 | semi-hardy |
| Green Beans (bush) | Sep 1 – Sep 9 | — | 50–65 | tender |
| Lettuce (head) | Sep 1 – Sep 13 | Sep 11–13 | 60–85 | semi-hardy |
| Peas (English/snap) | Sep 1 – Sep 18 | Sep 18 | 55–75 | hardy |
| Beet | Sep 6 – Sep 23 | — | 50–65 | semi-hardy |
| Kale | Sep 6 – Sep 23 | Sep 11–16 | 50–65 | hardy |
| Swiss Chard | Sep 6 – Sep 23 | Sep 11–16 | 50–60 | semi-hardy |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Sep 6 – Sep 14 | — | 45–60 | tender |
| Basil | Sep 11 – Sep 29 | Sep 11–16 | 30–60 | very tender |
| Kohlrabi | Sep 11 – Sep 28 | Sep 11–16 | 45–60 | hardy |
| Cilantro | Sep 16 – Sep 28 | Sep 16–17 | 45–70 | semi-hardy |
| Lettuce (leaf) | Sep 16 – Oct 3 | Sep 16–17 | 40–55 | semi-hardy |
| Turnip | Sep 16 – Oct 3 | Sep 27–Oct 2 | 40–60 | hardy |
| Spinach | Sep 21 – Oct 8 | — | 35–50 | hardy |
| Dill | Sep 26 – Oct 3 | — | 40–60 | semi-hardy |
| Radish | Sep 26 – Oct 21 | Sep 27–Oct 2 | 22–35 | hardy |
| Garlic | Nov 10 – Dec 31 | Nov 25–29, Dec 24 | 240–300 | hardy |
| Shallot | Nov 24 – Dec 25 | Nov 25–29, Dec 24 | 90–120 | hardy |
这些数字从哪儿来
本页的霜冻日期是实测的站点常态值,不是估算:数据来自 Las Vegas Air Terminal(GHCN USW00053123),它是 NOAA 1991–2020 年 《Climate Normals》所收 6,808 个美国站点之一。耐寒分区来自 2023 年 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map。作物时间以相对于你自己 霜冻日期的天数偏移量表示,取自各大学推广部(Extension)的种植指南。
这些数据到底有多准?
Extension recommendations for the same crop routinely disagree by two to four weeks, and occasionally more, so these offsets should be presented as windows and starting points rather than deadlines. Three things drive the spread. (1) Regional risk tolerance: for warm-season crops, Colorado State and Utah State put tomatoes, peppers and melons out about 14 days after the last frost, while University of Missouri's calendar works out to roughly 25-35 days after the last frost and University of Maryland's window runs from the frost date itself out to 45 days past it. That is a real 6-week spread for the single most popular garden crop, and it exists because a short-season mountain state is optimizing against a short season while a humid continental state is optimizing against cold, wet spring soil. (2) Soil temperature versus calendar date: most Extension services now say the honest trigger is soil temperature at 4 inches, not the frost date, and the frost-relative number is a convenience translation. A cold, wet spring can push the real date two or three weeks past the calendar recommendation. (3) Days-to-maturity is variety-specific and is measured differently for direct-seeded versus transplanted crops - seed catalogs count from transplant date for tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cole crops, but from sowing for roots and greens - so a 'days to maturity' range of 60-85 for tomato is genuinely 60-85 depending on which packet you bought. Additionally, the average last frost is a 50% probability, meaning half of all years have a frost after that date; Extension services commonly advise waiting 1-2 weeks past it for anything frost-tender, or being prepared to cover. Treat every number here as plus or minus about 10-14 days.
关于气象站本身:一个气象站只是一个点。城市会蓄热,山谷会积冷空气, 朝北坡地上的菜园可能比一英里外的晚上两周。把这一页当成起点,让你自己的菜园去修正它—— App 里的日记正是为此而设。
附近的地点
Las Vegas 的播种提醒
每逢新月和满月发一封短信,告诉你 Las Vegas 现在正好在哪些作物的种植窗口里——依据本页的霜冻日期算出。免费,一键退订。
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想在菜园里用手机看?Moon Phase Garden 把你的霜冻日期、种植时间窗和今晚的月相放在一处, 离线也能用,还能让你用自家菜园的实际情况覆盖这些日期。免费,无广告。