Las cuatro fechas que importan
| Fecha | Cuándo | Qué significa |
|---|---|---|
| Última helada de primavera (50 %) | Mar 13 | La mitad de los años hiela después de esta fecha. Es una media, no una garantía. |
| Última helada de primavera (10 %) | Apr 1 | Solo un año de cada diez hiela después de esta fecha. Úsala para lo que no puedas permitirte replantar. |
| Primera helada de otoño (50 %) | Nov 19 | La mitad de los años hiela antes de esta fecha. Los cultivos de otoño se cuentan hacia atrás desde aquí. |
| Primera helada de otoño (10 %) | Oct 29 | Un año de helada temprana. Si un cultivo tiene que terminar, apunta a cosechar antes de esta fecha. |
Siembra de primavera y verano en Portland
Las fechas se calculan con la última helada de este lugar, no con una tabla genérica por zona. Los «mejores días lunares» son los días de cada ventana que caen en la fase tradicional del cultivo, la misma regla que usa la app.
| Cultivo | Sembrar dentro | Plantar fuera | Mejores días lunares | Días hasta la cosecha |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strawberry (crowns) transplant |
— | Jan 12 – Feb 20 | Feb 1 Full Moon |
perennial — first real harvest next season |
| Garlic cloves/sets Mejor sembrarlo en otoño: mira abajo |
— | Jan 25 – Feb 25 | Feb 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
240–300 |
| Asparagus (crowns) transplant |
— | Jan 30 – Mar 6 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
perennial — first real harvest 2–3 years |
| Chives either |
Jan 16 | Jan 30 – Mar 6 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
75–90 |
| Onion (from sets/transplants) cloves/sets |
— | Jan 30 – Mar 6 | Feb 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Peas (English/snap) direct sow |
— | Jan 30 – Mar 6 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
55–75 |
| Spinach direct sow |
— | Jan 30 – Mar 6 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
35–50 |
| Cabbage transplant |
Jan 9 | Feb 6 – Mar 6 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
65–90 |
| Collards either |
Jan 30 | Feb 6 – Mar 27 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
55–85 |
| Kale either |
Jan 30 | Feb 6 – Mar 13 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
50–65 |
| Lettuce (leaf) either |
Feb 6 | Feb 6 – Apr 3 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
40–55 |
| Potato cloves/sets |
— | Feb 6 – Mar 13 | Mar 3 Full Moon |
70–120 |
| Radish direct sow |
— | Feb 6 – Apr 3 | Feb 6–8, Mar 4–6 Waning Gibbous |
22–35 |
| Turnip direct sow |
— | Feb 6 – Mar 20 | Feb 6–8, Mar 4–6 Waning Gibbous |
40–60 |
| Broccoli transplant |
Jan 9 | Feb 11 – Mar 13 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Brussels Sprouts transplant |
Jan 9 | Feb 11 – Mar 13 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
90–110 |
| Leek transplant |
Jan 2 | Feb 11 – Mar 13 | Mar 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
100–120 |
| Lettuce (head) transplant |
Jan 23 | Feb 11 – Mar 13 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
60–85 |
| Parsley either |
Jan 9 | Feb 11 – Mar 20 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
70–90 |
| Parsnip direct sow |
— | Feb 11 – Mar 20 | Mar 3 Full Moon |
100–150 |
| Shallot cloves/sets Mejor sembrarlo en otoño: mira abajo |
— | Feb 11 – Mar 13 | Mar 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Beet direct sow |
— | Feb 13 – Apr 3 | Mar 3, Apr 1 Full Moon |
50–65 |
| Kohlrabi either |
Jan 30 | Feb 13 – Mar 20 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
45–60 |
| Carrot direct sow |
— | Feb 20 – Apr 3 | Mar 3, Apr 1 Full Moon |
65–85 |
| Cauliflower transplant |
Jan 9 | Feb 20 – Mar 13 | Feb 20–23 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Cilantro direct sow |
— | Feb 20 – Apr 3 | Feb 20–23, Mar 19–20 Waxing Crescent |
45–70 |
| Swiss Chard direct sow |
— | Feb 20 – Apr 12 | Feb 20–23, Mar 19–20 Waxing Crescent |
50–60 |
| Dill direct sow |
— | Feb 27 – Apr 12 | Mar 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
40–60 |
| Cucumber either |
Feb 20 | Mar 13 – Apr 12 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Green Beans (bush) direct sow |
— | Mar 13 – Apr 27 | Mar 25, Apr 23 First Quarter |
50–65 |
| Oregano transplant |
Jan 16 | Mar 13 – Apr 3 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sage transplant |
Jan 16 | Mar 13 – Apr 3 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sweet Corn direct sow |
— | Mar 13 – Apr 27 | Mar 25, Apr 23 First Quarter |
60–100 |
| Thyme transplant |
Jan 16 | Mar 13 – Apr 3 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash either |
Feb 20 | Mar 13 – Apr 12 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
45–60 |
| Basil either |
Jan 30 | Mar 20 – Apr 12 | Mar 20–24 Waxing Crescent |
30–60 |
| Dry Beans direct sow |
— | Mar 20 – Apr 17 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
85–100 |
| Pole Beans direct sow |
— | Mar 20 – Apr 22 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Pumpkin direct sow |
Feb 20 | Mar 20 – Apr 17 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
90–120 |
| Rosemary transplant |
Mar 13 | Mar 20 – Apr 12 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Tomatillo transplant |
Jan 30 | Mar 20 – Apr 12 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Tomato transplant |
Jan 30 | Mar 20 – Apr 12 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
60–85 |
| Winter Squash direct sow |
Feb 20 | Mar 20 – Apr 17 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
85–110 |
| Cantaloupe / Muskmelon either |
Feb 20 | Mar 27 – Apr 17 | — First Quarter |
75–90 |
| Eggplant transplant |
Jan 16 | Mar 27 – Apr 17 | — First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Okra direct sow |
Feb 13 | Mar 27 – Apr 22 | — First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Pepper transplant |
Jan 16 | Mar 27 – Apr 17 | — First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Sweet Potato slips |
— | Mar 27 – Apr 22 | Apr 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
90–150 |
| Watermelon either |
Feb 20 | Mar 27 – Apr 17 | — First Quarter |
70–90 |
Siembra de otoño en Portland
Las fechas de otoño se cuentan hacia atrás desde la primera helada y añaden tiempo por el «factor de otoño»: los días se acortan y refrescan, así que el cultivo crece más despacio de lo que promete el sobre. Sembrar tarde es la forma más común de que falle un huerto de otoño.
| Cultivo | Sembrar o trasplantar | Mejores días lunares | Días hasta la cosecha | Resistencia al frío |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Jul 4 – Aug 9 | Jul 21 | 60–85 | very tender |
| Brussels Sprouts | Jul 7 – Jul 24 | Jul 15–20 | 90–110 | hardy |
| Potato | Jul 12 – Aug 13 | Jul 29 | 70–120 | semi-hardy |
| Sweet Corn | Jul 17 – Aug 9 | Jul 21 | 60–100 | tender |
| Pole Beans | Jul 27 – Aug 9 | — | 60–75 | tender |
| Parsley | Jul 30 – Aug 13 | Aug 13 | 70–90 | semi-hardy |
| Okra | Aug 1 – Aug 31 | Aug 19 | 50–70 | very tender |
| Cabbage | Aug 6 – Aug 18 | Aug 13–18 | 65–90 | hardy |
| Carrot | Aug 6 – Aug 18 | — | 65–85 | semi-hardy |
| Collards | Aug 6 – Aug 28 | Aug 13–18 | 55–85 | hardy |
| Cucumber | Aug 6 – Aug 19 | Aug 19 | 50–70 | tender |
| Broccoli | Aug 11 – Aug 28 | Aug 13–18 | 55–80 | hardy |
| Cauliflower | Aug 11 – Aug 28 | Aug 13–18 | 55–80 | semi-hardy |
| Green Beans (bush) | Aug 11 – Aug 19 | Aug 19 | 50–65 | tender |
| Lettuce (head) | Aug 11 – Aug 23 | Aug 13–18 | 60–85 | semi-hardy |
| Peas (English/snap) | Aug 11 – Aug 28 | Aug 19 | 55–75 | hardy |
| Beet | Aug 16 – Sep 2 | Aug 27 | 50–65 | semi-hardy |
| Kale | Aug 16 – Sep 2 | Aug 16–18 | 50–65 | hardy |
| Swiss Chard | Aug 16 – Sep 2 | Aug 16–18 | 50–60 | semi-hardy |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Aug 16 – Aug 24 | Aug 19 | 45–60 | tender |
| Basil | Aug 21 – Sep 8 | — | 30–60 | very tender |
| Kohlrabi | Aug 21 – Sep 7 | — | 45–60 | hardy |
| Cilantro | Aug 26 – Sep 7 | — | 45–70 | semi-hardy |
| Lettuce (leaf) | Aug 26 – Sep 12 | Sep 11–12 | 40–55 | semi-hardy |
| Turnip | Aug 26 – Sep 12 | Aug 28–Sep 2 | 40–60 | hardy |
| Spinach | Aug 31 – Sep 17 | Sep 11–16 | 35–50 | hardy |
| Dill | Sep 5 – Sep 12 | Sep 11–12 | 40–60 | semi-hardy |
| Radish | Sep 5 – Sep 30 | Sep 27–30 | 22–35 | hardy |
| Garlic | Oct 20 – Dec 10 | Oct 26–31 | 240–300 | hardy |
| Shallot | Nov 3 – Dec 4 | Nov 25–29 | 90–120 | hardy |
De dónde salen estos números
Las fechas de helada de esta página son normales observadas en estación, no estimaciones: vienen de Portland Intl Ap (GHCN USW00024229), una de las 6.808 estaciones de EE. UU. de las Climate Normals 1991–2020 de la NOAA. La zona de rusticidad es del USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map de 2023. Los tiempos de cultivo se expresan como desfases respecto a tus heladas, tomados de guías de siembra de la Extensión universitaria.
¿Qué precisión tiene todo esto?
Extension recommendations for the same crop routinely disagree by two to four weeks, and occasionally more, so these offsets should be presented as windows and starting points rather than deadlines. Three things drive the spread. (1) Regional risk tolerance: for warm-season crops, Colorado State and Utah State put tomatoes, peppers and melons out about 14 days after the last frost, while University of Missouri's calendar works out to roughly 25-35 days after the last frost and University of Maryland's window runs from the frost date itself out to 45 days past it. That is a real 6-week spread for the single most popular garden crop, and it exists because a short-season mountain state is optimizing against a short season while a humid continental state is optimizing against cold, wet spring soil. (2) Soil temperature versus calendar date: most Extension services now say the honest trigger is soil temperature at 4 inches, not the frost date, and the frost-relative number is a convenience translation. A cold, wet spring can push the real date two or three weeks past the calendar recommendation. (3) Days-to-maturity is variety-specific and is measured differently for direct-seeded versus transplanted crops - seed catalogs count from transplant date for tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cole crops, but from sowing for roots and greens - so a 'days to maturity' range of 60-85 for tomato is genuinely 60-85 depending on which packet you bought. Additionally, the average last frost is a 50% probability, meaning half of all years have a frost after that date; Extension services commonly advise waiting 1-2 weeks past it for anything frost-tender, or being prepared to cover. Treat every number here as plus or minus about 10-14 days.
Sobre la estación en sí: una estación meteorológica es un punto. Las ciudades retienen el calor, los valles acumulan aire frío y un huerto en ladera norte puede ir dos semanas por detrás de otro a una milla. Toma esta página como punto de partida y deja que tu propio huerto la corrija: para eso está el diario de la app.
Lugares cercanos
Avisos de siembra para Portland
Una nota breve en cada luna nueva y llena con lo que está en su ventana ahora mismo en Portland, calculado con las fechas de helada de esta página. Gratis, y te das de baja con un clic.
We store your address to send the email and nothing else. No ads, never sold, unsubscribe any time. See our privacy policy.
¿Lo quieres en el móvil, en el huerto? Moon Phase Garden guarda tus fechas de helada, tus ventanas de siembra y la fase lunar de esta noche en un mismo sitio, funciona sin conexión y te deja corregir estas fechas con lo que hace de verdad tu huerto. Gratis y sin anuncios.
Consíguelo en Google Play · Planifica un bancal · Cosecha cada mes